Izindaba

Esigcawini sefilimu ye-documentary "Plastic Empire", ngakolunye uhlangothi, kunezintaba zemfucuza yepulasitiki eChina; Ngakolunye uhlangothi, osomabhizinisi baseShayina bahlala bengenisa amapulasitiki angcolile. Kungani ungenisa amapulasitiki okulahlwa phesheya kwezilwandle? Kungani "udoti omhlophe" ovame ukubonwa yi-China ungavuselelwa kabusha? Ingabe kuyethusa ngempela ukungenisa amapulasitiki angcolile? Okulandelayo, asihlaziye futhi siphendule. I-granulator yepulasitiki

Imfucumfucu yamapulasitiki, isihluthulelo ukubhekisela ezintweni ezisele ohlelweni lokukhiqiza ipulasitiki kanye nezinto ezichotshoziwe zemikhiqizo yepulasitiki ewudoti ngemva kokuvuselelwa kabusha. Imikhiqizo eminingi yepulasitiki esetshenzisiwe, efana ne-electromechanical engineering casings, amabhodlela epulasitiki, ama-CD, imiphongolo yepulasitiki, amabhokisi epulasitiki, njll., isengasetshenziswa njengezinto ezingavuthiwe zokukhiqizwa kwepulasitiki nokucutshungulwa ngemuva kokubulala amagciwane, ukuhlanza, ukuchotshozwa kanye nokuphinda kufakwe imbudumbudu. Imingcele yokusebenza yamanye amapulasitiki alahlwayo angcono kakhulu kunalawo ajwayelekile okuvikela ukugqwala.

1, Ukugaywa kabusha, kuningi okuvame ukusetshenziswa (i-plastic granulator)
Ngemva kokugaywa kabusha, amapulasitiki alahlwayo angenziwa abe ezinye izinto eziningi, njengezikhwama zepulasitiki, imiphongolo yepulasitiki, neminye imikhiqizo yepulasitiki yansuku zonke. Idinga kuphela ukushintsha ezinye izici zepulasitiki yasekuqaleni ngisho nokusetshenziswa kwepulasitiki entsha, engahlobene kuphela nenani eliphakeme lemvelo lepulasitiki, kodwa futhi lihlobene nokukhiqizwa nokuphepha kwepulasitiki ngokusho kwe izici ze-alloy yensimbi yokuqala.

I-2, i-China ifuna, idinga kodwa akwanele
Njengezwe elikhiqiza ipulasitiki nelidlayo emhlabeni, iChina ikhiqize futhi yakhiqiza i-1/4 yamapulasitiki omhlaba kusukela ngo-2010, futhi ukusetshenziswa kubala i-1/3 yomkhiqizo ophelele womhlaba. Ngisho nango-2014, lapho ukuthuthukiswa kwemboni yokukhiqiza ipulasitiki kwehla kancane kancane, ukukhiqizwa kwemikhiqizo yepulasitiki yaseChina kwaba amathani ayizigidi ezingu-7.388, kanti ukusetshenziswa kweChina kwafinyelela amathani ayizigidi ezingu-9.325, okuwukunyuka ngo-22% no-16% ngokulandelanayo ngo-2010.
Isidingo esikhulu senza izinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki zibe yimikhiqizo edingekayo enezinga elikhulu lebhizinisi. Ukukhiqizwa nokukhiqiza kwawo kuvela ekugayweni kabusha, ekukhiqizeni nasekucutshungulweni kwamapulasitiki alahlwayo. Ngokombiko wokuhlaziya imboni yaseChina yokugaywa kabusha kwamandla avuselelekayo kanye nemikhiqizo ye-elekthronikhi ekhishwe nguMnyango Wezohwebo, i-2014 ibiyinani eliphakeme kakhulu lamapulasitiki agaywe kabusha aphinde agaywa kabusha ezweni lonke, kodwa bekungamathani ayizigidi ezingama-20 kuphela, okubalelwa ku-22% wokusetshenziswa kwasekuqaleni. .
Ukungeniswa kwemfucuza yamapulasitiki avela phesheya kwezilwandle akukona nje kuphela okuphansi kunezindleko zempahla eluhlaza yepulasitiki engenisiwe, kodwa futhi isihluthulelo ukuthi amapulasitiki amaningi emfucumfucu asengakwazi ukugcina izici ezinhle kakhulu zokukhiqiza nokucubungula kanye namanani ezinkomba zamakhemikhali e-organic ngemva kokuxazululwa. Ngaphezu kwalokho, intela yokungenisa kanye nezindleko zokuhamba ziphansi, ngakho-ke kunendawo ethile yenzuzo emakethe yaseChina yokukhiqiza nokucubungula. Ngasikhathi sinye, amapulasitiki agaywe kabusha nawo anesidingo esikhulu semakethe eChina. Ngakho-ke, njengoba intengo ekhuphukayo yezingubo zokulwa nokugqwala, ziyanda izinkampani ezingenisa amapulasitiki okulahlwayo ukuze zilawule izindleko.

Kungani "udoti omhlophe" ovame ukubonwa yi-China ungavuselelwa kabusha?
Imfucumfucu yepulasitiki iwuhlobo lwensiza, kodwa kuphela amapulasitiki ahlanziwe angasetshenziswa kabusha izikhathi eziningi, noma aphinde asetshenziswe ukuze kuhlanganiswe imbudumbudu, ukucwenga, ukwenza upende, izinto zokwakha zokuhlobisa, njll. Kulesi sigaba, nakuba amapulasitiki angcolile asevele enezinhlobonhlobo ze ukusetshenziswa okuyinhloko, akuzwakalanga kakhulu kubuchwepheshe bokugaywa kabusha, ukuhlola kanye nesixazululo. Ukugaywa kabusha kwesibili kwamapulasitiki okulahlwayo kufanele kube isikhathi kanye nezindleko, futhi ikhwalithi yezinto ezingavuthiwe ezikhiqizwa futhi zicutshungulwe nalo linzima kakhulu.
Ngakho-ke, ucwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwemishini emihle kakhulu yokukhiqiza kanye nobuchwepheshe bokusebenzisa obuphelele ukukhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kabusha kwamapulasitiki angcolile ukuze kuzuzwe ukwelashwa okungenangozi kanye nokusetshenziswa okunengqondo kuwusizo lobuchwepheshe lokunciphisa ukungcoliswa komoya; Ukwakhiwa kanye nokusetshenziswa kwemithetho nemithethonqubo yokuhlukaniswa kwemfucuza, ukugaywa kabusha kanye nokusetshenziswa kuyisidingo esibalulekile sokulungisa "udoti omhlophe".

3, Thembela emithonjeni yangaphandle ukuze wonge amandla
Ukungeniswa kwamanye amazwe kwamapulasitiki alahlwayo kanye nokugaywa kabusha kanye nokucutshungulwa kwamapulasitiki angcolile akukwazi nje ukunciphisa ukungqubuzana phakathi kokunikezwa kanye nokufunwa kwezinto zokusetshenziswa zepulasitiki, kodwa futhi konga ukuhwebelana okuningi kokuhwebelana kwamanye amazwe kawoyela ongenisiwe waseChina. Izinto zokusetshenziswa zamapulasitiki ziwuwoyela ongahluziwe, kanti imithombo yamalahle yaseChina ilinganiselwe. Ukungenisa amapulasitiki angcolile kungadambisa inkinga yokushoda kwezinsiza eChina.
Isibonelo, amabhodlela e-coke ne-plastic Aquarius, okungalahlwa kalula, kuwumthombo wamaminerali omkhulu kakhulu uma egaywa kabusha futhi ephakathi nendawo. I-ton of waste plastic ingakhiqiza u-600kg wemoto kaphethiloli kanye nenjini kadizili, okonga izinsiza kakhulu.
Ngokushoda okwandayo kwezinsiza zemvelo kanye nokukhuphuka okuqhubekayo kwamanani ezinto ezibonakalayo, ukukhiqizwa nokukhiqizwa kwezinto ezingavuthiwe zesibili kuya ngokuya kukhathaza abakhiqizi nabasebenzi bezimboni. Ukusebenzisa amapulasitiki agaywe kabusha ukwenza ukukhiqiza nokukhiqiza kungathuthukisa ngokunengqondo ukuncintisana kwabakhiqizi bezimboni kanye nabaqhubi abavela ezicini ezimbili zokuthuthukiswa komnotho nokuvikelwa kwemvelo. Uma kuqhathaniswa namapulasitiki amasha, ukusebenzisa amapulasitiki agaywe kabusha njengezinto zokusetshenziswa ukwenza ukukhiqizwa nokukhiqiza kunganciphisa ukusetshenziswa kwamandla ngo-80% kuya ku-90%.